Ideas · The evidence

Progress in numbers.

You don't have to take our word for it. Here is how the world has changed, in pictures, from the most trusted data we have.

73years: the average human life today, up from about 32 in 1900
87%of adults can now read, up from about 12% two centuries ago
1 in 10people in extreme poverty, down from more than 1 in 3 in 1990
Poverty

Extreme poverty has fallen by three quarters since 1990

40%27%13%0% 38%29%16%9% 1990200020102019

Share of people living on less than $2.15 a day. More than a billion people left extreme poverty in a single generation.

Children

Far fewer children die young

43%
9%
3.7%
180019902022

Children who died before their fifth birthday.

Health

We live more than twice as long

32
46
66
73
1900195020002023

Average life expectancy at birth, worldwide, in years.

Learning

Almost 9 in 10 adults can read

Top row: today, about 87%. Bottom row: 1820, about 12%.

Connection

Two thirds of humanity is online

7%
29%
67%
200020102023

Share of people using the internet.

Energy

Solar power got 90% cheaper

$0.46
$0.04
20102023

Cost of electricity from new large solar farms, per kilowatt-hour.

Light

9 in 10 people have electricity

78%
91%
20002022

Share of people with access to electricity.

None of this means the work is done. Hundreds of millions still live in poverty, and climate change is real. But the numbers show that hard problems can be solved, and that is the best reason to keep solving them.

Sources: World Bank Poverty and Inequality Platform; UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation; UN World Population Prospects; UNESCO; ITU; IRENA Renewable Power Generation Costs; IEA / World Bank Tracking SDG7; long-run figures from Our World in Data. Further reading: Hans Rosling, Factfulness; Steven Pinker, Enlightenment Now.